Louis-Nicolas Clérambault
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Louis-Nicolas Clérambault (19 December 1676 – 26 October 1749) was a French musician, best known as an
organist An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ (music), organ. An organist may play organ repertoire, solo organ works, play with an musical ensemble, ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumentalist, instrumental ...
and
composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Defi ...
. He was born, and died, in
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
.


Biography

Clérambault came from a musical family (his father and two of his sons were also musicians). While very young, he learned to play the
violin The violin, sometimes known as a ''fiddle'', is a wooden chordophone (string instrument) in the violin family. Most violins have a hollow wooden body. It is the smallest and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in the family in regular ...
and
harpsichord A harpsichord ( it, clavicembalo; french: clavecin; german: Cembalo; es, clavecín; pt, cravo; nl, klavecimbel; pl, klawesyn) is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. This activates a row of levers that turn a trigger mechanism ...
and he studied the organ with
André Raison André Raison (c. 1640 – 1719) was a French Baroque composer and organist. During his lifetime he was one of the most famous French organists and an important influence on French organ music. He published two collections of organ works, in 16 ...
. Clérambault also studied
composition Composition or Compositions may refer to: Arts and literature *Composition (dance), practice and teaching of choreography *Composition (language), in literature and rhetoric, producing a work in spoken tradition and written discourse, to include v ...
and voice with
Jean-Baptiste Moreau Jean-Baptiste Moreau (c.1656 – 24 August 1733) was a French composer of the baroque period. He served as the master of music at the court of Louis XIV. His compositional output includes several motets and music for the theatre. Life and care ...
. Clérambault became the organist at the church of the Grands-Augustins and entered the service of
Madame de Maintenon Madame may refer to: * Madam, civility title or form of address for women, derived from the French * Madam (prostitution), a term for a woman who is engaged in the business of procuring prostitutes, usually the manager of a brothel * ''Madame'' ...
. After the death of
Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Vers ...
and
Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers (c. 1632, Paris – 13 November 1714) was a French organist, composer and theorist. His first ''livre d'orgue'' is the earliest surviving published collection with traditional French organ school forms (a collection by Loui ...
, he succeeded the latter at the organ of the church of Saint-Sulpice and the royal house of Saint-Cyr, an institution for young girls from the poor nobility. He was responsible there for music, the organ, directing
chant A chant (from French ', from Latin ', "to sing") is the iterative speaking or singing of words or sounds, often primarily on one or two main pitches called reciting tones. Chants may range from a simple melody involving a limited set of notes ...
s and choir, etc. It was in this post—it remained his after the death of Madame de Maintenon—that he developed the genre of the "French
cantata A cantata (; ; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb ''cantare'', "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir. The meaning of ...
" of which he was the uncontested master. In 1719 he succeeded his teacher André Raison at the organs of the church of the Grands-Jacobins. His ''Motet du Saint Sacrement'' in G major is one of the first French works known to have been performed in Philadelphia.Annals of Music in Philadelphia
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Works

His important published work includes: *a large number of religious pieces with chants and choirs, (
motet In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the pre-eminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to Margar ...
s, hymns,
Magnificat The Magnificat (Latin for "
y soul Y, or y, is the twenty-fifth and penultimate letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. According to some authorities, it is the sixth (or sevent ...
magnifies
he Lord He or HE may refer to: Language * He (pronoun), an English pronoun * He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ * He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets * He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' ...
) is a canticle, also known as the Song of Mary, the Canticle of Mary and, in the Eastern Christianity, Byzantine tradition, the Ode of the Theotokos (). It is traditionally incorporated ...
,
Te Deum The "Te Deum" (, ; from its incipit, , ) is a Latin Christian hymn traditionally ascribed to AD 387 authorship, but with antecedents that place it much earlier. It is central to the Ambrosian hymnal, which spread throughout the Latin Chur ...
etc.); *more than 25 secular cantatas on subjects often inspired by Greco-Roman myths; *
sonatas Sonata (; Italian: , pl. ''sonate''; from Latin and Italian: ''sonare'' rchaic Italian; replaced in the modern language by ''suonare'' "to sound"), in music, literally means a piece ''played'' as opposed to a cantata (Latin and Italian ''cant ...
for violin and
basso continuo Basso continuo parts, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), provided the harmonic structure of the music by supplying a bassline and a chord progression. The phrase is often shortened to continuo, and the instrumentalists playing th ...
: *a book of dance pieces for the harpsichord (1704) in which he adopted the tradition of the
unmeasured prelude Unmeasured or non-measured prelude is a prelude in which the duration of each note is left to the performer. Typically the term is used for 17th century harpsichord compositions that are written without rhythm or metre indications, although vario ...
; *a book of organ pieces in two suites (1710) in which melodic charm wins out over religious spirit. These two collections seemed destined to begin a cycle of pieces in all keys but Clérambault never completed the cycle.


By catalogue number

* 1: Cantata Book I No. 1: L'amour piqué par une abeille * 2: Cantata Book I No. 2: Le jaloux * 3: Cantata Book I No. 3: Orphée * 4: Cantata Book I No. 4: Polyphême * 5: Cantata Book I No. 5: Médée * 6: Cantata Book I No. 6: L'amour et Bacchus * 7: Cantata Book II No. 1: Alphée et Aréthuse * 8: Cantata Book II No. 2: Léandre et Héro * 9: Cantata Book II No. 3: La musette * 10: Cantata Book II No. 4: Pirame et Tisbé * 11: Cantata Book II No. 5: Pigmalion * 12: Cantata Book II No. 6: Le triomphe de la paix * 13: Cantata: Le bouclier de Minerve * 14: Cantata: Abraham * 15: Cantata Book III No. 1: Apollon * 16: Cantata Book III No. 2: Zéphire et Flore * 17: Cantata Book III No. 3: L'isle de Délos * 18: Cantata Book III No. 4: La mort d'Hercule * 19: Cantata: La muse de l'Opéra * 20: Cantata Book IV No. 1: L'amour guéri par l'amour * 21: Cantata Book IV No. 2: Apollon et Doris * 22: Cantata: Le soleil, vainqueur des nuages * 23: Cantata Book V No. 1: Clitie * 24: Cantata Book V No. 2: Les forges de Vulcain * 25: Cantata: Les francs masçons * 26: Choeurs et intermèdes de l'idille de St Cyr * 27: Choeurs de l'idille de St Cyr sur le départ du roi * 28: Le triomphe d'Iris * 29: Le triomphe de la vertu, ou Hercule vainqueur des plaisirs * 30: Himne de Saint Louis * 31: Idille sur la naissance de Nôtre Seigneur de Moreau (arrangement) * 32: Le retour du printemps (lost) * 33: Daphnis et Sylvie (lost) * 34: Air à boire: Enfin nos voeux sont satisfaits in C major * 35: Air à boire: C'en est fait j'ai brisé ma chaîne in G major * 36: Air italien: Vuol parlar il mio cuore in F major * 37: Air à boire: Buveurs trop altérés in E minor * 38: Ariette: Hélas! La pauvre fille in E minor * 39: Air sérieux: Jugez de ma peine extrême in C minor * 40: Air à boire: Réparons l'honneur de la treille in C major * 41: Air à boire: Amis, le dieu du vin s'empresse in G major * 42: Canon: Vive le roi in C major * 43: Harpsichord Suite No. 1 en C major * 44: Harpsichord Suite No. 2 en C minor * 45: Prelude for harpsichord in G major * 46: Organ suite of the first tone * 47: Organ suite of the second tone * 48: Chaconne for violin, viola da gamba and continuo in A major * 49: Allemande for violin and continuo in A major * 50: Menuet en rondeau for violin and continuo in A major * 51: Sonata I in G major "L'anonima" * 52: Sonata II in G major "La félicité" * 53: Sonata III in B flat major "L'abondance" * 54: Sonata IV in F major "Symphonia" * 55: Sonata V in D major * 56: Sonata VI in C major "L'impromptu" * 57: Sonata VII in E minor "La magnifique" * 58: Motet pour le jour de Noël in A major * 59: Motet pour le dimanche de la quinquagezime in E minor * 60: Motet pour le lundy qui précède le caresme in A major * 61: Motet pour le mardy qui précède le caresme in D minor * 62: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in C minor * 63: Motet pour le roy in D minor * 64: Motet pour l'ascension in B flat major * 65: Motet du Saint Esprit in E minor * 66: Motet du Saint Sacrement in E minor * 67: Motet du Saint Sacrement in D major * 68: Motet du Saint Sacrement in G major * 69: Motet pour le bienheureux Vincent de Paul in A major * 70: Stabat mater in B flat major * 71: Motet pour Sainte Françoise in A minor * 72: Motet pour Saint Joseph in G major * 73: Motet pour le saint jour de pâques in F major * 74: Motet pour l'ascension in F major * 75: Motet pour la fête de la Sainte Trinité in F major * 76: Motet de Saint Jean Baptiste in G major * 77: Motet de Saint Roch in G major * 78: Motet pour le bienheureux Vincent de Paul in C major * 79: Motet pour les Saints Anges in F major * 80: Motet de Saint Denis in C minor * 81: Motet pour la fête de tous les saints in B flat major * 82: Motet pour les apostres in A minor * 83: Motet du Saint Sacrement in A minor * 84: Motet du Saint Sacrement in G major * 85: Motet du Saint Sacrement in F major * 86: Motet du Saint Sacrement in D minor * 87: Motet du Saint Sacrement in D major * 88: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in A major * 89: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in G minor * 90: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in G major * 91: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in D major * 92: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in C minor * 93: Motet de la Sainte Vierge pour le caresme in G minor * 94: Motet de la Sainte Vierge pour le tems de pasques in G major * 95: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in A major * 96: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in D minor * 97: Domine salvum in A minor * 98: Domine salvum in F major * 99: Cantique des anges in D major * 100: Antienne à la Sainte Vierge pour le temps pascal in G major * 101: Motet de Saint Benoit in G major * 102: Motet de Saint Bernard in G major * 103: Motet de Saint Michel in D major * 104: Antienne à la Sainte Vierge in G minor * 105: Motet de Saint Dominique in G major * 106: Motet du Saint Sacrement in F major * 107: Motet de Saint Jean l'Evangéliste in A major * 108: Motet de Saint Augustin in D minor * 109: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in C minor * 110: Motet du Saint Sacrement in A major * 111: Motet pour la fête de l'assomption in D major * 112: Motet de Saint Sulpice in D major * 113: Motet de Saint Pie in D major * 114: Salve regina in E minor * 115: Motet de Sainte Chantal in A major * 116: Miserere à 3 in G minor * 117: De profundis clamavi in D minor * 118: Ecce quam bonum in G major * 119: Dominus quis habitabit in A major * 120: Judica me Deus in G minor * 121: Exaltabo te Domine in A major * 122: Exultate Deo in G major * 123: Miserere in C minor * 124: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in G minor * 125: Conturbatus est spiritus meus in C minor * 126: Motet de Saint Jean Baptiste in D major * 127: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in F major * 128: Motet du Saint Sacrement in D major * 129: Motet de Saint Sulpice in G major * 130: Viderunt te aquae Deus in E minor * 131: Motet du Saint Sacrement in C minor * 132: Antienne à la Sainte Vierge in C major * 133: Motet du Saint Sacrement in F major * 134: Motet du Saint Sacrement in A minor * 135: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in D minor * 136: Magnificat à trois parties in F major * 137: Te Deum in A minor * 138: Te Deum in C major * 139: Dixit Dominus in E minor * 140: Regina caeli in F major * 141: Exultate Deo in D major * 142: Audite gentes in D major * 143: Motet pour le sacré coeur de Jésus in A major * 144: Motet pour la nativité de Saint Jean Baptiste in G major * 145: Motet pour Saint Sulpice in A major * 146: Motet pour le roy, la reine et le dauphin in A major * 147: Pseaume 28 in C major * 148: Motet de Saint Sulpice in D major * 149: Motet pour la dédicace de l'eglise de Saint Sulpice in D major * 150: Motet pour la canonisation de Saint Pie in G major * 151: Motet de Saint Sulpice in B flat major * 152: Motet pour le roy in B flat major * 153: Pseaume 121 in C major * 154: Magnificat à trois parties in D minor * 155: Te Deum à trois parties in C major * 156: Motet du Saint Sacrement in A major * 157: Motet pour le roy in A major * 158: Motet pour le roy in G minor * 159: Motet pour le roy in E minor * 160: Stabat mater in B flat major * 161: Exaudiat in D minor * 162: Exaudiat in F major * 163: O sacrum convivium in A major * 164: Tantum ergo in A minor * 165: O salutaris hostia in E minor * 166: Adoramus te Christe in A minor * 167: Pie Jesu in C minor * 168: Litanies du sacré coeur de Jésus in C major * 169: Vovete et redite in G major * 170: Salve regina in D minor * 171: Motet pour la fête de la Sainte Trinité in G major * 172: Motet de Saint Augustin in F major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 173: O salutaris in A major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 174: Motet du Saint Sacrement in D major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 175: Motet du Saint Sacrement in G minor (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 176: Motet du Saint Sacrement in A major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 177: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in A major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 178: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in A major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 179: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in D major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 180: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in A major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 181: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in D major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 182: Motet de la Sainte Vierge in F major (Nivers arr. Clérambault) * 183–188: 6 Leçons de ténèbres (lost) * 189: O Filii (lost) * 190: Laudemus cantemus (lost) * 191: L'histoire de la femme adultère * 192: Air spirituel: Vertus – Misères du pêché in C minor * 193: Air spirituel: Stance in A minor * 194: Air spirituel: Vertus – La résignation in F major * 195: Air spirituel: Le paradis in A major * 196: Airs spirituels: Louanges de Dieu in E minor * 197: Air spirituel: Mistères de Notre Seigneur J.C. – Moment in B flat major * 198: Air spirituel: Mistères de Notre Seigneur J.C. – Sa résurrection in B flat major * 199: Air spirituel: Vertus – Amour de la sagesse in C minor * 200: Air spirituel: Noël in G major * 201: Air spirituel: Vertus – L'innocence in G major * 202: Air spirituel: Cantique de Saint Bernard in G major * 203: Air spirituel: Vertus – L'education in G minor * 204: Air spirituel: Vertus – Respect dans le lieu saint in A minor * 205: Air spirituel: Noël in A major * 206: Air spirituel: Cantique in A minor * 207: Airs spirituels: Vices – Le libertinage in D minor * 208: Air spirituel: Sonnet de Des Barreaux in D minor * 209: Air spirituel: Vertus – La confiance in G minor * 210: Air spirituel: Vertus – La sagesse in E minor * 211: Air spirituel: Cantique de Saint Bernard in C major * 212: Airs spirituels: Louanges de Dieu in B flat major * 213: Airs spirituels: Mistères de Notre Seigneur J.C. – Sa circoncision in G major * 214: Airs spirituels: Les IV fins de l'homme – L'impie détrompé in B flat major * 215: Air spirituel: Les IV fins de l'homme – Fuite du tems in G major * 216: Air spirituel: Vertus – Prière dans la tentation in G minor * 217: Air spirituel: Stance – Mon coeur est accablé in G major * 218: Air spirituel: Ne cherchons plus que Dieu in G major * 219: Air spirituel: Stance – N'espérons plus mon âme in D minor * 220: Air spirituel: Stance – Objets lugubres et funèbres in D minor * 221: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O sapientia in D minor * 222: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O adonai in D major * 223: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O radix Jesse in F major * 224: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O clavis David in F major * 225: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O oriens in G major * 226: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O rex gentium in G major * 227: Air spirituel: Sur les O de Noël – O Emmanuel in E minor * 228: Air spirituel: O vive flamme in A major * 229: Airs spirituels: Mistères de Notre Seigneur J.C. – Son incarnation in G major * 230: Air spirituel: Stance – Pour un pécheur in C minor * 231: Airs spirituels: Les IV fins de l'homme – La mort in B minor * 232: Air spirituel: Stance – Quand je pense au Seigneur in G major * 233: Air spirituel: Mistères de Notre Seigneur J.C. – Sa mort in F major * 234: Air spirituel: Vices – L'oisiveté in A major * 235: Air spirituel: Sur les désirs de la mort in C minor * 236: Air spirituel: Les IV fins de l'homme – Le paradis in A major * 237: Air spirituel: Désir de la mort in B flat major * 238: Air spirituel: Stance – Vous me cherchez Seigneur in D minor * 239: Règles d'accompagnement


See also

*
French organ school The French organ school formed in the first half of the 17th century. It progressed from the strict polyphonic music of Jean Titelouze (c. 1563–1633) to a unique, richly ornamented style with its own characteristic forms that made full use of ...


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Clerambault, Louis-Nicolas 1676 births 1749 deaths French Baroque composers Composers for pipe organ French male classical composers French classical organists French male organists Musicians from Paris 18th-century keyboardists 18th-century classical composers French harpsichordists 18th-century French composers 18th-century French male musicians 17th-century male musicians Male classical organists